Small business guides
Plain-English explanations for the formulas behind pricing and profit decisions.
How to Calculate Profit Margin
Learn the margin formula, see a worked example, and avoid confusing margin with markup.
What Is a Good Profit Margin?
Judge margin quality by business model, cost structure, pricing power, and cash needs.
Markup vs Margin
Understand why markup and margin are different, with pricing examples and formulas.
How to Price a Product
Use cost, markup, margin, discounts, and break-even math to set product prices.
Product Pricing Formula
Use cost, fees, shipping, planned discounts, and target margin to set product prices.
How to Calculate Ecommerce Profit Margin
Account for product cost, shipping, platform fees, payment fees, ads, and returns.
How Discounts Affect Profit Margin
See why discounts reduce profit and how to calculate a break-even discount.
Gross Profit vs Net Profit
Learn which costs belong in gross profit and why net profit tells a different story.
How to Price a Service Business
Price service work using income goals, expenses, billable hours, scope, and value.
Salary vs Hourly Pay
Compare salary and hourly pay using gross income, stability, benefits, and flexibility.
How to Convert Salary to Hourly
Use annual salary, weekly hours, and working weeks to estimate an hourly equivalent.
Hourly Rate vs Project Rate
Compare pricing models for freelance and service work, including scope and risk.
How to Calculate ROI
Calculate return on investment from net gain and original investment amount.
How to Calculate Break Even Point
Use fixed costs, variable costs, and selling price to estimate break-even sales.
Fixed Costs vs Variable Costs
Understand cost types, contribution margin, and why they matter for break-even math.
How Much Should Freelancers Charge?
Set a rate from income goals, expenses, taxes, available hours, and billable time.
How to Create an Invoice
Learn what to include in a simple invoice before sending it to a client.
Invoice Terms Explained
Understand due dates, payment terms, line items, discounts, taxes, and notes.
Invoice Payment Terms Explained
Understand Due on Receipt, Net 7, Net 15, Net 30, and follow-up timing.